NCC Certified Electronic Fetal Monitoring (C-EFM) Practice Exam

A Category I fetal heart rate tracing is characterized by a baseline heart rate that ranges from 110 to 160 beats per minute (BPM) and demonstrates moderate variability. This category represents a reassuring fetal heart rate pattern that suggests a stable environment for the fetus, indicative of adequate oxygenation and a healthy fetal response.

Moderate variability, typically defined as fluctuations in the fetal heart rate of 6 to 25 BPM from the mean, reflects normal autonomic function and a well-composed fetal environment. The presence of a baseline heart rate within the specified range further supports the assessment that the fetus is in good condition. Category I tracing is associated with a low risk of fetal acidemia, making it an ideal finding during labor.

In contrast, the other choices describe characteristics that would not fit into a Category I classification. The absence of variability and the presence of late decelerations would indicate potential fetal distress, while minimal variability alongside consistent tachycardia suggests concerns about fetal well-being. The presence of variable decelerations can also signal umbilical cord compression, which could need further evaluation or intervention. Therefore, the identification of Category I traces is essential in monitoring fetal health during labor.